{"id":669,"date":"2021-04-28T13:11:27","date_gmt":"2021-04-28T11:11:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/?p=669"},"modified":"2021-07-09T23:50:53","modified_gmt":"2021-07-09T21:50:53","slug":"jak-ochranit-drevo-pod-sirym-nebem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/?p=669","title":{"rendered":"Jak ochr\u00e1nit d\u0159evo pod \u0161ir\u00fdm nebem?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pl\u016ftek, star\u00e1 lavi\u010dka, krm\u00edtko pro pt\u00e1\u010data, kurn\u00edk \u010di zahradn\u00ed alt\u00e1n. V\u0161echny maj\u00ed cosi spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Jsou postaveny ze d\u0159eva, jeho\u017e \u017eivotnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed nejen na druhu d\u0159eviny, ale i od jeho ochrany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0159evo je p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho kolob\u011bhu byt\u00ed. Vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ze zem\u011b stejn\u011b jako rostliny, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed prvn\u00ed zimu, a pokud p\u0159ijde jeho \u010das, p\u0159\u00edroda ho op\u011bt rozebere na \u017eiviny, kter\u00e9 jsou stavebn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro dal\u0161\u00ed organismy. Pokud do tohoto procesu vstoup\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk, dok\u00e1\u017ee v\u0161e zpomalit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dlouhov\u011bkost ur\u010duje p\u0159\u00edroda<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edmco \u017eiv\u00e9 stromy si s b\u011b\u017enou populac\u00ed \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f a hub dok\u00e1\u017eou poradit, po jejich sk\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u0159estanou ochrann\u00e9 mechanismy fungovat. Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak\u00e1 je d\u0159evina tvrd\u00e1 \u010di hust\u00e1. Rozhoduje jej\u00ed chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco neo\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9 bukov\u00e9 d\u0159evo podlehne zk\u00e1ze ji\u017e b\u011bhem prvn\u00edho roku v exteri\u00e9ru, ak\u00e1tov\u00fd zahradn\u00ed n\u00e1bytek \u010di dubov\u00e9 terasy a schody z\u016fstanou bez po\u0161kozen\u00ed i po mnoha letech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed d\u0159evinou je pro cenovou dostupnost smrk. Sta\u010d\u00ed m\u00e1lo, aby se jeho sn\u011bhob\u00edl\u00e1 barva ve vlhk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed vlivem hub zm\u011bnila na modrou a stejn\u011b rychle p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed \u010derven\u00e1 hniloba, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje jeho rozpad. Pokud v\u0161ak omez\u00edme kontakt s vodou na minimum, spln\u00ed sv\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed podle na\u0161ich p\u0159edstav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoliv n\u00e1t\u011br \u010di ochrannou chemii lze aplikovat a\u017e po tom, co bylo d\u0159evo d\u016fkladn\u011b vysu\u0161en\u00e9. A\u0165 u\u017e v su\u0161i\u010dce, nebo p\u0159irozen\u011b, pod st\u0159echou. To zajist\u00ed nejen jeho nas\u00e1kavost p\u0159i n\u00e1t\u011brech, ale zabr\u00e1n\u00ed i uzam\u010den\u00ed vlhkosti uvnit\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nohy v suchu, klobouk na hlav\u011b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0159evo s vlhkost\u00ed pod 18 procent odol\u00e1 n\u00e1jezdu hub a pl\u00edsn\u00ed, jejich\u017e sp\u00f3ry jsou v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9. Jakmile najdou vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro \u017eivot, vyrostou z nich organismy, kter\u00e9 se \u017eiv\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva. Spat\u0159\u00edme jejich v\u011bt\u0161inou a\u017e tehdy, kdy\u017e je pozd\u011b. Zeslaben\u00e9 d\u0159evo opravit nelze – pouze vym\u011bnit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159ev\u011bnou konstrukci p\u0159ed zat\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm ze sr\u00e1\u017eek, a izolace, kter\u00e1 ho chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed stykem se zemn\u00ed vlhkost\u00ed, jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. Jde o konstruk\u010dn\u00ed prvky, na kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba myslet ji\u017e p\u0159i samotn\u00e9 stavb\u011b. Betonov\u00e9 patky s asfaltovou lepenkou, podlo\u017e\u00ed ze zhutn\u011bn\u00e9ho lomov\u00e9ho kamene \u010di ocelov\u00e9 papu\u010de ukotveny v zemi chr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evo p\u0159ed vodou a mikroorganismy z p\u016fdy. Rizikem jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou vlhn\u00face betonov\u00e9 z\u00eddky a konstrukce, kter\u00e9 nelze od\u0159\u00edznout od vody. Na sty\u010dn\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch podl\u00e9h\u00e1 d\u0159evo zk\u00e1ze. V\u011bt\u0161inou nepozorovan\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

St\u0159echa chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed sr\u00e1\u017ekami nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pouze krytinou odolnou vod\u011b. Pokud uva\u017eujeme o d\u0159ev\u011b samotn\u00e9m, sta\u010d\u00ed zajistit jeho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 vysp\u00e1dov\u00e1n\u00ed pro okam\u017eit\u00fd odtok vody a vy\u0159e\u0161it detaily, kter\u00e9 zabr\u00e1n\u00ed zat\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed. Voda se nesm\u00ed akumulovat ve spoj\u00edch a mus\u00ed odt\u00e9kat stejn\u011b rychle, jako p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed. Pta\u010d\u00ed budky se \u0161ikmou st\u0159\u00ed\u0161kou, plotov\u00e9 la\u0165ky se zaoblen\u00fdmi \u010di sra\u017een\u00fdmi vrchy \u010di \u0161indelov\u00e9 st\u0159echy jsou inspirac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s nasm\u011bruje k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je odv\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a pod kontrolou by m\u011bl b\u00fdt ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u011bsn\u00fd spoj dvou d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch d\u00edlc\u016f. T\u011bsn\u00fd styk br\u00e1n\u00ed odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nahromad\u011bn\u00e9 vlhkosti a pr\u00e1v\u011b na takov\u00fdch m\u00edstech se houby objev\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sta\u010d\u00ed chemick\u00e1 impregnace?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na trhu je mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f pro chemickou ochranu d\u0159eva a v\u0161echny maj\u00ed cosi spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed prodlou\u017eit jeho \u017eivotnost v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch je d\u0159evo p\u0159irozen\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed vodou. Pokud v\u0161ak znovu p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed do styku s vlhkost\u00ed, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je zabr\u00e1nit jejich vymyt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed konstrukce pod plechov\u00fdmi krytinami. Neust\u00e1le kondenzuj\u00edc\u00ed se vlhkost levnou chemickou ochranu rychle vyplav\u00ed a z\u016fstane po n\u00ed pouze indika\u010dn\u00ed barvivo, kter\u00e9 proniklo n\u011bkolik milimetr\u016f pod povrch. Aby se tak nestalo, s\u00e1hnout t\u0159eba po p\u0159\u00edpravc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 z\u016fstanou ve d\u0159ev\u011b fixovan\u00e9. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je jejich \u00fakolem p\u0159eklenout \u010das, kter\u00fd je pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro op\u011btovn\u00e9 vyschnut\u00ed d\u0159eva. Nen\u00ed proto p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako podklad pod n\u00e1t\u011bry a povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy d\u0159eva, aby zm\u00edrnily jejich nedokonalosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ani tlakov\u011b napu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd k\u016fl v\u0161ak nedok\u00e1\u017ee vzdorovat houb\u00e1m, pokud bude zabit do voln\u00e9 zeminy nebo bude v nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9m kontaktu s vlhkost\u00ed. Impregnace nezachr\u00e1n\u00ed vlhkou d\u0159ev\u011bnou stavbu ani napaden\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed sezen\u00ed. Mnoho p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f je v\u0161ak \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch proti d\u0159evokazn\u00e9mu hmyzu, kter\u00fd p\u00e1ch\u00e1 \u0161kody nejen na surov\u00e9m a mokr\u00e9m d\u0159ev\u011b, ale i na such\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Povrch, kter\u00fd vodu nepropust\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pl\u016ftky, zahradn\u00ed sezen\u00ed, prol\u00e9za\u010dky \u010di jin\u00e9 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 objekty na rozd\u00edl od mal\u00fdch d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch staveb nelze chr\u00e1nit st\u0159echou a tak po chemick\u00e9 impregnaci p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na \u0159adu povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je uzav\u0159\u00edt p\u00f3ry d\u0159eva a sn\u00ed\u017eit tak jeho nas\u00e1kavost. Odnepam\u011bti na to pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy napou\u0161t\u011bc\u00edch olej\u016f, vosk\u016f a paraf\u00edn\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou popul\u00e1rn\u00ed dodnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pl\u016ftek, star\u00e1 lavi\u010dka, krm\u00edtko pro pt\u00e1\u010data, kurn\u00edk \u010di zahradn\u00ed alt\u00e1n. V\u0161echny maj\u00ed cosi spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Jsou postaveny ze d\u0159eva, jeho\u017e \u017eivotnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed nejen na druhu d\u0159eviny, ale i od jeho ochrany. D\u0159evo je p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho kolob\u011bhu byt\u00ed. Vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ze zem\u011b stejn\u011b jako rostliny, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed prvn\u00ed zimu, a pokud p\u0159ijde jeho \u010das, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":670,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-bydleni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tydenikobydleni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}